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Ïðîãðàììà ìîæåò ïîëó÷èòü èñõîäíûå äàííûå èç òðåõ èñòî÷íèêîâ:
– îêíà ââîäà
– ïîëåé ââîäà äèàëîãîâîãî îêíà
– ôàéëà.
Ââîä èç îêíà ââîäà
Ââîä äàííûõ èç îêíà ââîäà îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ âûçîâîì ñòàíäàðòíîé ôóíêöèè InpUtBox, âîçâðàùàåìûì çíà÷åíèåì êîòîðîé ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñòðîêà, ââåäåííàÿ ïîëüçîâàòåëåì.  îáùåì âèäå ââîä äàííûõ ñ èñïîëüçîâàíèåì ôóíêöèè InputBox âûãëÿäèò òàê
Ïåðåìåííàÿ:= InputBox(Çàãîëîâîê, Ïîäñêàçêà, Çíà÷åíèå);
Ïåðåìåííàÿ – ýòî èäåíòèôèêàòîð ïåðåìåííîé ñòðîêîâîãî òèïà, çíà÷åíèå êîòîðîé äîëæíî áûòü ïîëó÷åíî èç îêíà ââîäà.
Çàãîëîâîê – òåêñò çàãîëîâêà Îêíà ââîäà.
Ïîäñêàçêà – òåêñò ïîÿñíÿþùåãî çíà÷åíèÿ
Çíà÷åíèå – òåêñò, íàõîäÿùèéñÿ â ïîëå ââîäà â ìîìåíò ïîÿâëåíèÿ îêíà ââîäà íà ýêðàíå.
Íàïðèìåð, â ïðîãðàììå âû÷èñëåíèÿ ïëîùàäè ïîâåðõíîñòè øàðà ââîä âåëè÷èíû ðàäèóñà øàðà ìîæåò âûãëÿäåòü òàê:
S:= InputÂîõ('Âû÷èñëåíèå ïëîùàäè ïîâåðõíîñòè øàðà', 'Ââåäèòå ðàäèóñ øàðà, ìì','');
Ñëåäóåò èìåòü â âèäó, ÷òî çíà÷åíèå ôóíêöèè InputBox ñòðîêîâîãî (String) òèïà. Ïîýòîìó åñëè ïðîãðàììå òðåáóåòñÿ ïîëó÷èòü çíà÷åíèå ÷èñëîâîãî òèïà, òî ââåäåííàÿ ñòðîêà äîëæíà áûòü ïðåîáðàçîâàíà â ÷èñëî ïðè ïîìîùè ñîîòâåòñòâóþùåé ôóíêöèè ïðåîáðàçîâàíèÿ.
Ââîä èç ïîëÿ ðåäàêòèðîâàíèÿ
Äëÿ ââîäà èç ïîëÿ ðåäàêòèðîâàíèÿ íàäî ïîìåñòèòü íà ôîðìó ýêçåìïëÿð êîìïîíåíòà Edit ñòðàíèöû Standart ïàëèòðû êîìïîíåíòîâ.
Ââîä äàííûõ èç ïîëÿ ðåäàêòèðîâàíèÿ îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ îáðàùåíèåì ê ñâîéñòâó Text ýòîãî ïîëÿ, ò.å. Edit1.Text
Ñëåäóåò èìåòü â âèäó, ÷òî ñâîéñòâî Òåõt ïðåäñòàâëÿåò ñîáîé ñòðîêó.
Âûâåñòè ðåçóëüòàò ïðîãðàììà ìîæåò â îêíî ñîîáùåíèÿ, â ïîëå âûâîäà äèàëîãîâîãî îêíà, â ôàéë è íà óñòðîéñòâî ïå÷àòè (ïðèíòåð).
Âûâîä â îêíî ñîîáùåíèÿ
Âûâîä â îêíî ñîîáùåíèÿ ìîæåò áûòü âûïîëíåí âûçîâîì ïðîöåäóðû ShowMessage èëè ôóíêöèè MessageDlg.
Ïðîöåäóðà ShowMessage(const:String) – îòîáðàæàåò îêíî ñîîáùåíèÿ ñ êíîïêîé ÎÊ. Çàãîëîâîê ñîäåðæèò èìÿ èñïîëíÿåìîãî ôàéëà ïðèëîæåíèÿ, à ñòðîêà const âûâîäèòñÿ êàê òåêñò ñîîáùåíèÿ. Â îáùåì âèäå âûçîâ ïðîöåäóðû ShowMessage âûãëÿäèò òàê:
ShowMessage(Ñîîáùåíèå)
Ñîîáùåíèå – âûðàæåíèå ñòðîêîâîãî òèïà.
Çàãîëîâîê îêíà ñîîáùåíèÿ, âûâîäèìîãî ïðîöåäóðîé ShowMessage, ïî óìîë÷àíèþ ñîâïàäàåò ñ èìåíåì èñïîëíÿåìîãî ôàéëà ïðèëîæåíèÿ.
Ôóíêöèÿ MessageDlg(const:String, Type, Buttons, Help): Word – îòîáðàæàåò îêíî ñîîáùåíèÿ â öåíòðå ýêðàíà è ïîçâîëÿåò ïîëó÷èòü îòâåò ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ. Ïàðàìåòð const ñîäåðæèò òåêñò ñîîáùåíèÿ.
Type – ýòî òèï îêíà ñîîáùåíèÿ. Ìîæåò ïðèíèìàòü ñëåäóþùèå çíà÷åíèÿ: mtWarning (âîñêëèöàòåëüíûé çíàê â æåëòîì òðåóãîëüíèêå); mtError (áåëûé êðåñò â êðàñíîì êðóãå); mtInformation (áóêâà «i» â áåëîì êðóãå); mtConfirmation (ñèíèé çíàê «?» â áåëîì êðóãå); mtCustom (íå ñîäåðæèò êàðòèíêè è â çàãîëîâêå âûâîäèòüñÿ íàçâàíèå èñïîëíÿåìîãî ôàéëà).
Button – ýòî íàáîð êíîïîê:
– mbYes – îòîáðàæàåò êíîïêó Yes;
– mbNo – îòîáðàæàåò êíîïêó No;
– mbOK – îòîáðàæàåò êíîïêó OK;
– mbCancel – îòîáðàæàåò êíîïêó Cancel;
– mbAbort – îòîáðàæàåò êíîïêó Abort;
– mbRetry – îòîáðàæàåò êíîïêó Retry;
– mbIgnore – îòîáðàæàåò êíîïêó Ignore;
– mbAll – îòîáðàæàåò êíîïêó All;
– mbNoToAll – îòîáðàæàåò êíîïêó No to all;
– mbYesToAll – îòîáðàæàåò êíîïêó Yes to all;
– mbHelp – îòîáðàæàåò êíîïêó Help.
Ýòè çíà÷åíèÿ çàäàþòñÿ â êâàäðàòíûõ ñêîáêàõ ðàçäåë¸ííûõ çàïÿòîé.
Delphi îáåñïå÷èâàåò ìíîæåñòâî ïðåäîïðåäåëåííûõ êîìáèíàöèé êíîïîê:
– mbYesNoCancel = [mbYes, mbNO, mbCancel];
– mbYesAllNoAllCancel = [mbYes, mbYesToAll, mbNo, mbNoToAll, mbCancel];
– mbOKCancel = [mbOK, mbCancel];
– mbAbortRetryCancel = [mbAbort, mbRetry, mbCancel];
– mbAbortIgnore = [mbAbort, mbIgnore].
Âìåñòî òîãî, ÷òîáû îïðåäåëèòü ïåðå÷èñëÿåìîå çíà÷åíèå íàæàòîé êíîïêè, èñïîëüçóåòñÿ ïîëíîñòüþ ðàçëè÷íûé íàáîð ïåðå÷èñëÿåìûõ èì¸í:
– mrYes = 6
– mrNo = 7
– mrOK = 1
– mrCancel = 2
– mrAbort = 3
– mrRetry = 4
– mrIgnore = 5
– mrAll = 8
– mrNoToAll = 9
– mrYesToAll = 10
Help – ýòî ñïðàâêà, êîòîðàÿ ïîÿâëÿåòñÿ âî âðåìÿ îòîáðàæåíèÿ äèàëîãîâîãî îêíà ïðè íàæàòèè ïîëüçîâàòåëåì êëàâèøè F1. Îáû÷íî çíà÷åíèå ðàâíî 0.
Ïðèìåð:
rez:=MessageDlg('äåëåíèå íà ÍÎËÜ!!!',mtError, mbOKCancel, 0);
if rez=mrOk then Edit3.Text:='÷èñëî 0';
end;
Ïðèìåð:
Var
buttonSelected : Integer;
begin
buttonSelected := MessageDlg('Custom dialog',mtCustom, [mbYes, mbAll, mbCancel], 0);
if buttonSelected = mrYes then ShowMessage('Áûëà íàæàòà Yes');
if buttonSelected = mrAll then ShowMessage('Áûëà íàæàòà All');
if buttonSelected = mrCancel then ShowMessage('Áûëà íàæàòà Cancel');
end;
Ôóíêöèÿ MessageDlg ïîçâîëÿåò ñîïðîâîäèòü ñîîáùåíèå îäíèì èç ñòàíäàðòíûõ çíà÷êîâ Windows, íàïðèìåð çíà÷êîì «Âíèìàíèå», çàäàòü êîëè÷åñòâî è òèï êîìàíäíûõ êíîïîê.
Âûâîä â ïîëå äèàëîãîâîãî îêíà
×àñòü äèàëîãîâîãî îêíà, ïðåäíàçíà÷åííàÿ äëÿ âûâîäà èíôîðìàöèè, íàçûâàåòñÿ ïîëåì âûâîäà èëè ïîëåì ìåòêè. Äëÿ âûâîäà â ïîëå äèàëîãîâîãî îêíà íàäî ïîìåñòèòü íà ôîðìó ýêçåìïëÿð êîìïîíåíòà Label ñòðàíèöû Standart Ïàëèòðû êîìïîíåíòîâ.
Âûâîä äàííûõ â ïîëå ìåòêè îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ îáðàùåíèåì ê ñâîéñòâó Caption ýòîãî ïîëÿ, ò.å. Labell.Caption, êîòîðîå ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïåðåìåííîé ñòðîêîâîãî òèïà.
Íàïðèìåð, ÷òîáû â ïîëå âûâîäà ïîÿâèëñÿ òåêñò, äîñòàòî÷íî íàïèñàòü:
Label1.Caption:- 'Çíà÷åíèå ôóíêöèè ðàâíî' + FloatToStr(y);
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